Mankhwala asanu othandizira kuchepetsa thupi kwa odwala akuluakulu omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri-Semaglutide.

I. Chidziwitso Chachikulu
Dzina Lodziwika: Semaglutide
Mtundu: GLP-1 receptor agonist (analogue ya glucagon-ngati peptide-1)
Kachitidwe kaulamuliro: jakisoni wa subcutaneous (kamodzi pa sabata)

II. Zizindikiro ndi Kuvomerezeka Kwapakhomo
Zizindikiro Zovomerezeka
Chithandizo cha Type 2 Diabetes (chovomerezedwa ndi NMPA):
Mlingo: 0.5 mg kapena 1.0 mg, kamodzi pa sabata.

Zochita: Imawongolera shuga wamagazi ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha mtima.

Chithandizo cha Kunenepa Kwambiri/Kunenepa Kwambiri

III. Njira Zochita ndi Mwachangu
Core Mechanism: Imayatsa zolandilira za GLP-1, kuchedwetsa kutulutsa m'mimba, ndikuwonjezera kukhuta.

Amagwira ntchito pa hypothalamic appetite center, kulepheretsa chilakolako cha kudya.

Imakulitsa chidwi cha insulin ndikuwongolera metabolism.

Kuchepetsa Kunenepa Kwambiri (Kutengera mayesero azachipatala padziko lonse lapansi):
Kuchepetsa kulemera kwapakati pa masabata a 68: 15% -20% (mogwirizana ndi zochitika za moyo).

Odwala omwe alibe matenda a shuga (BMI ≥30 kapena ≥27 okhala ndi zovuta):

Odwala matenda a shuga: Kuchepetsa thupi pang'ono (pafupifupi 5% -10%).

IV. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Population ndi Contraindications
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Population
Miyezo Yapadziko Lonse (onani ku WHO):
BMI ≥ 30 (onenepa);
BMI ≥ 27 yokhala ndi matenda oopsa, shuga, kapena matenda ena a metabolic ( onenepa kwambiri).

Kuchita Pakhomo: Kumafuna kuunika kwa dokotala; pakali pano amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pakuwongolera kulemera kwa odwala matenda ashuga.

Contraindications
Mbiri yaumwini kapena yabanja ya medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC);
Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome mtundu 2 (MEN2);
amayi apakati kapena kuyamwitsa;
Matenda owopsa am'mimba (monga mbiri ya kapamba).

V. Zotsatira zake ndi Zowopsa
Zotsatira zodziwika bwino (zochitika> 10%):
Mseru, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, kudzimbidwa (kuchepetsedwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali).

Kuchepetsa kudya, kutopa.

Zowopsa Zazikulu:

Matenda a chithokomiro C-cell (zoopsa zomwe zikuwonetsedwa m'maphunziro a zinyama, zomwe sizikuwonekerabe mwa anthu);
Pancreatitis, matenda a ndulu;
Hypoglycemia (kusamala kofunikira mukamagwiritsa ntchito limodzi ndi othandizira ena a hypoglycemic).

VI. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Masiku Ano ku China

Njira zopezera:
Chithandizo cha Matenda a Shuga: Kulembera kuchipatala chokhazikika.
Chithandizo cha Kuchepetsa Kuwonda: Kumafuna kuunika kozama ndi dokotala; Madipatimenti ena azachipatala apamwamba a endocrinology amatha kulembera.

Kuopsa kwa Njira Zosavomerezeka: Mankhwala ogulidwa kudzera m'makina osavomerezeka angakhale achinyengo kapena osungidwa molakwika, zomwe zingawononge chitetezo.

VII. Malangizo Ogwiritsa Ntchito

Tsatirani Malangizo a Dokotala M'pang'ono pomwe: Gwiritsani ntchito pokhapokha adotolo akaunika zizindikiro za kagayidwe kachakudya komanso mbiri yachipatala yabanja.

Kuphatikizana kwa Moyo Wothandizira: Mankhwala amafunika kuphatikizidwa ndi kuwongolera zakudya komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti akwaniritse zotsatira zabwino.

Kuyang'anira Kwanthawi Yaitali: Yang'anani pafupipafupi ntchito ya chithokomiro, ma pancreatic enzymes, ndi chiwindi ndi impso.